Age, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, physical effort and repeated movements are the main causes of musculoskeletal disorders. The most common pathologies that can be found during an orthopedic examination are:
○ Fractures
○ Arthritis
○ Scoliosis
○ Arthrosis
○ Bursitis
○ Tendinitis
○ Hallux valgus
○ Hammer finger
○ Trigger finger syndrome (tenosynovitis)
○ Tennis elbow (epicondylitis)
○ Plantar fasciitis
○ Congenital clubfoot
○ Carpal tunnel or cubital tunnel syndrome
○ Achilles pathologies, which affect the Achilles tendon
○ Osteoporosis
○ Herniated disc (also called herniated disc or prolapsed disc)
○ Fibromyalgia (formerly known as fibrositis or fibromyalgia syndrome)
○ Abdominal diastasis
○ Osteogenesis imperfecta
○ Injuries and traumas to the meniscus, cruciate ligaments, knee ligaments and rotator cuff, muscle and tendon ruptures (usually found in athletes)
○ Post-traumatic stiffness (for example of the elbow)
○ Shoulder and elbow pathologies
○ Traumatic spinal injuries
○ Morton or Civinini-Morton neuroma
○ Muscular dystrophy
○ Bone tumors